Noncompliance to Treatment and Its Associated Factors among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Karachi

Sannia Perwaiz Iqbal; Rubia Farid; Ainan Arshad

doi:10.53685/jshmdc.v4i2.189

Authors

Sannia Perwaiz Iqbal Department of Family Medicine, Bahria University Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
Rubia Farid Department of Family Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Ainan Arshad Department of Internal Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v4i2.189

Keywords:

Noncompliance, Diabetes mellitus, Patients with type 2 diabetes, Primary care

Abstract

Background: Noncompliance to treatment is a widespread problem globally, particularly among people with chronic conditions like diabetes mellitus.

Objective: We aimed to assess the frequency of treatment noncompliance and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The study was conducted at the family medicine outpatient clinics at the Aga Khan Hospital during one month from 1^st to 30^th December, 2019. Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited 151 patients with type 2 diabetes who willingly agreed to participate in the research. We employed a pre-approved, self-administered, and structured questionnaire to gather data on demographics, clinical features, and treatment compliance among patients.

Results: There were 77 female and 74 male participants. The average age of the participants was 54.7±11.5 years. Among the 151 individuals in the study, 112 were noncompliant with their prescribed treatment. There was a significant association between treatment non-compliance and lower monthly income (p=0.039), participant’s age (p=0.020), and duration of the disease exceeding 5 years (p<0.001). The group of patients with noncompliance also had a higher risk of diabetic foot (p = 0.002) and retinopathy (p = 0.009). When asked about their reasons for noncompliance, participants cited drug side effects (91%), forgetfulness to take medications (81%), and complexity of drug therapy (66%).

Conclusion: Our findings revealed a notable prevalence of noncompliance among participants, which was associated with an elevated risk of complications. The Older age and disease duration for longer than 5 years were factors associated the most with noncompliance. Such interventions could significantly reduce the likelihood of developing diabetes-related complications.

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