Control of Type II Diabetes, Its Relationship with Obesity and Basal Metabolic Rate

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of T2DM is around 7-10%. Control of diabetes and factors influencing it in third
world countries need to be clearly defined as most of the people have poor glycemic control.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted and purposive sampling was done to collect data for 5 months. A
total of 766 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled who visited SiDER (Sakina Institute of Diabetes and Endocrine
Research Center) at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Only pre-diagnosed diabetic subjects with a random blood
glucose of more than 200mg/dl at two occasions and fasting blood glucose levels more than 126mg/dl were included
in the study. Variables like Body Mass Index (BMI), Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Basal Metabolic Rate
(BMR) were recorded. The data was analyzed by SPSS 22 version.

Results: A total of 766 diabetics were recruited in the study out of which 40.3% were male and 59.7% were
females. The mean age was 48.72±10.43 years. Out of these 53.39% were obese, 32.64% were overweight and only
13.97% had a normal body mass index BMI). HbA1c levels in the sample population showed that only 13.05% had
very healthy control i.e. 7% or less. There was a positive co-relation between Body Mass Indexand glycemic
control. However there was no statistically significant relation between Basal Metabolic Rateand glycemic control.

Conclusion: People with high Body Mass Index were found to have suboptimal glycemic control. It was also
observed that higher percentage of diabetic patients fall in age group of 41-55 years. More powerful studies are
needed to establish a relation between glycated hemoglobin and Basal Metabolic Rate.